19. Which of the following best describes naturalistic observation? (Points :4)
studies of the behavior of nudists
experiments with caged rats
observation of humans or animals in their natural surroundings.
studies of the environment.
20. An advantage of the case study method of research is that (Points :4)
data collected is often well detailed
it takes a short time
it relies on subject self-report
it allows for a large subject population
21. Self – report is a danger of the survey method because: (Points :4)
subjects often cannot articulate their thoughts
it takes a very long time
subjects don’t like to do reports
subjects often do not tell the truth
22. Researchers interested in the effects of a medication taken for decades should design a (Points :4)
case study
questionnaire
study based on naturalistic observation
longitudinal research study
23. The general aim of sampling is to (Points :4)
obtain a representative sample of the population
obtain a representative sample of the target population
get a basic idea of what people are thinking
preview the research process
24. When researchers have a hidden agenda, they may (Points :4)
manipulate data to meet their goals
fail to report findings
fail to strive for an objective sample population
all of the above
25. Propaganda and belief justification may result in (Points :4)
a rousing campaign based on research
a fair research study
a detailed study of results
the omission or downplaying of results
26. Which of the following is NOT an ethical issue for research? (Points :4)
obtaining consent of subjects
harming subjects in the process of research
hiding from subjects the techniques to be employed during research
representative sampling
27. The Central Nervous System consists of (Points :4)
the spinal cord
the spinal cord and the brain
the brain
the entire human body.
28. The cerebrum is often called (Points :4)
“the seat of consciousness”
“the conscious center”
“the core of all evil”
“the unconscious brain”
29. Signals from the body to the spinal cord are transmitted by (Points :4)
afferent peripheral neurons
efferent peripheral neurons
both of these
neither of these
30. Signals from the spinal cord to nerve endings in the muscles, skin, and other parts of the body are transmitted by (Points :4)
afferent peripheral neurons
efferent peripheral neurons
both of these
neither of these
31. Which is NOT a true statement about sleep? (Points :4)
Sleep is a necessity for humans and other mammals.
The function of sleep is the consolidation of memory.
Infants and adults need the same amount of sleep.
Sleep is absolutely necessary for us to learn new things.
32. The organ which shows the clearest changes during sleep compared to
wakefulness is (Points :4)
the heart
the kidneys
the skin
the brain
33. The purpose of REM sleep can best be described as (Points :4)
to encourage growth in infants
important for consolidating memory
allowing sleepers to dream
healing the body
34. Scientists have described _______ stages of sleep in the sleep cycle (Points :4)
5
4
2
these is no set number of stages
35. Which of the following statements about caffeine is now disproved? (Points :4)
3-5 cups of coffee per day may maximize your lifespan
Caffeine may improve performance on task and help you stay alert.
Caffeine is definitely a factor in heart disorders.
Caffeine should be consumed at the right times of day to be helpful
36. Which of these issues may impact the validity of dream research? (Points :4)
people like to embellish their dreams
people may not remember what they have dreamed once they are awake
subjects can only report on their dreams after they awake, not while they occur
all of the above
37. According to Freud, to understand dreams you must examine (Points :4)
latent content
manifest content
the role of displacement and symbolization
all of the above
38. The initial step in the vision process takes place in (Points :4)
the retina.
the lens of the eye.
the occipital lobe of the brain
the visual cortex.
39. Light is collected by (Points :4)
the lens
the cones
the ir
19. observation of humans or animals in their natural surroundings.
20. data collected is often well detailed.
21. (the closest answer I believe) subjects often do not tell the truth.
22. longitudinal research study
24. All of the above.
25. the omission or downplaying of results.
26. obtaining consent of subjects.
31. Infants and adults need the same amount of sleep.
33. important for consolidating memory
34. 4 stages, 5 including REM